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Aluminum oxide is a chemical compound that contains the element aluminum and the oxygen molecule. It is used for many different purposes because it has excellent physical and chemical properties. For example, it is very strong, yet lightweight, and it can withstand high temperatures. It is also non-combustible and insoluble in water. In addition, it is a basic anhydride and can react with acids and other metals to form compounds such as magnesium oxide and silicon dioxide.
This substance is a key ingredient in glass and other materials that are resistant to corrosion. It is a common component of aluminosilicate glass and can make up to 5-10% of the total composition. It is also used in paints to add a glossy, reflective or ornamental finish. It can be found in medical devices such as birth control pills and hip replacement surgery tools. It is also a very hard, strong material that is often used as an abrasive in the manufacture of sandpaper and cutting tools. It is an economical substitute for industrial diamonds. It is also used to produce refractory materials such as kiln linings and high temperature cements.
The most common crystalline form of aluminum oxide is corundum, Al2O3. This crystal is very thermodynamically stable and has the aluminium ions occupying two-thirds of the octahedral interstices with the oxygen atoms having a nearly hexagonal close-packed structure. Other crystalline forms include boehmite (Al(OH)3Al(OH)3) and diaspore (AlO(OH)).
